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Convert a quadratic L_Pseudo mixture model to Real

The following information is required for conversion from pseudo to real.

Convert Pseudo limits (0 = minimum, 1 = maximum) to proportion (real) limits.

Low

High

A

AL

AH

B

BL

BH

C

CL

CH

Compute the sum of the low real settings (L). It is used for L_pseudo conversion.

The Pseudo model example:

QuadraticPseudo=β1A+β2B+β3C+β12AB+β13AC+β23BC

Insignificant terms with a near zero coefficient should be included in this model.

L=qi=1Li

Rewrite the model substituting…

XiLi1L for each component, while replacing the X with the component ID being replaced.

The rewrite of the Pseudo Example is:

Real=β1AAL1L+β2BBL1L+β3BBL1L+β12AAL1LBBL1L+β13AAL1LCCL1L+β23BBL1LCCL1L

Expand all terms and combine like terms, starting with higher order terms first.

Quadratic term expansion

Showing the BC quadratic term as an example. Use this procedure for each quadratic term.

β23BBL1LCCL1L

β23BCBLCCLB+BLCL(1L)2

β23[BC(1L)2+BLC(1L)2+CLB(1L)2+BLCL(1L)2]

The BC coefficient is changed to β23/(1L)2 in the real model.

β23BL/(1L)2 is a correction that will be applied to the C coefficient.

β23CL/(1L)2 is a correction that will be applied to the B coefficient.

BLCL/(1L)2 is a constant which requires special handling.

From the mixture design property of a constant total, we know that A+B+C=1 in terms of the reals. Rewrite BLCL as BLCL1 and substitute [A+B+C] for 1, yielding BLCL[A+B+C]. When expanded, the result is an adjustment to all the linear coefficients of β23BLCL /(1L)2.

Linear term expansion

Showing the C term as the example. Use this procedure for all the linear terms.

β3CCL1L=β3[C1L+CL1L]

β3/(1L) is the base coefficient for the C linear effect. This will be adjusted by quadratic and other linear effect adjustments.

CL/(1L) is a constant which is treated the same as the quadratic term’s constant becoming, β3CL/(1L)[A+B+C]. Each linear term creates an adjustment to all linear terms.

Combine Like Terms

After working through each term in the model, combine like terms into new coefficients for the real model.

βA=β11Lβ1AL+β2BL+β3CL1L+β12(ALBLBL)+β13(ALCLCL)+β23(BLCL)(1L)2

βB=β21Lβ1AL+β2BL+β3CL1L+β12(ALBLAL)+β23(BLCLCL)+β13(ALCL)(1L)2

βC=β31Lβ1AL+β2BL+β3CL1L+β13(ALCLAL)+β23(BLCLBL)+β23(ALBL)(1L)2

βAB=β12(1L)2

βAC=β13(1L)2

βBC=β23(1L)2

References

  • J. Cornell. Experiments with Mixtures. Wiley, 3rd edition, 2002.